With zinc as its primary alloying element, it is exceptionally strong. The other elements may make up as much as 15 percent of the alloy by mass. The first aluminum alloys were produced in the 1850s. Download table material properties of aluminum alloys 6061t6. The properties of aluminum that make this metal and its alloys the most economical and attractive for a wide. Pdf application of aluminum and aluminum alloys in. The unique combinations of properties provided by aluminum and its alloys make aluminum one of the most versatile, economical, and attractive metallic materials for a broad range of usesfrom soft, highly ductile wrapping foil to the most demanding engi.
These specifications shall apply to the design of aluminum alloy load carrying members. Some aluminum alloys can be heat treated to achieve good mechanical properties, physical properties and corrosion resistance. The listing for each alloy includes commercial names, chemical compositions, applications, relevant specifications, fabrication characteristics, and mass characteristics. Aluminum alloys are second only to steels in use as structural metals. However, it is still difficult to maintain mechanical and corrosion properties of aluminum alloys welded joints using these. Aluminum has been used for its unique properties for centuries, and our alloys are specially designed to exploit its strengths and correct its weaknesses.
Highstrength, excellent properties at high and low temperatures, superior weldability, but inferior corrosion resistance. Chemical composition and properties of aluminum alloys. Aluminums properties such as, strength, density, workability, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance are affected by adding other elements such as magnesium, silicon or zinc. Physical and chemical properties for the element aluminum. Characterization results indicate that the microstructure of the aluminumnickel alloys present a thin and homogeneous distribution of an intermetallic compound in the aluminums matrix, identified as al 3 ni. Aluminum has high reflectivity and can be used for decorative applications.
For additional information on standards for aluminum alloys and their applications, please refer to the following. Wrought aluminum alloys properties casting alloys notes. Aluminum and aluminum alloys are divided into two broad classes, castings and wrought mechanically worked products. Hard aluminum alloy belongs to aicumg system, generally contains a small amount of mn, which can be heat treated and strengthened. Bradley fighting vehicle the military bradley fighting vehicle is made from two different aluminum alloys.
The unique combinations of properties provided by aluminum and its alloys make aluminum one of the most versatile, economical, and attractive metallic materials for a broad range of usesfrom soft, highly ductile wrapping foil to the most demanding engineering applications. The main reason is the relative abundance of the material along with its great mechanical and metallurgical properties. The creation of a titanium nitride coating on the surface of articles is one of the most effective methods of enhancing the wear resistance of materials. Cast aluminum alloy an overview sciencedirect topics. They were alloys of aluminum with silicon and were not very strong or corrosionresistant. Properties of aluminum alloys with a titanium nitride coating. Aluminum alloys are a lightweight structural material. Structure and properties is a reference book that provides a concise description of the practical aspects of structures and properties of aluminum alloys. A member of the 7000 series, it is one of the strongest alloys available and is comparable to many types of steel. It is one of the most ductile and malleable metals. This standardization handbook was developed by the department of defense in accordance with established procedure.
Aluminium alloys are the most widely used nonferrous metals in engineering owing to their attractive. Aluminum is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Based on work by alcoa laboratories over several years, this book compiles more than 300 tables listing typical average properties of a wide range of aluminum alloys. To overcome this, the metal can be alloyed with other metals alloying elements. Alloys in series can be spot welded but not fusion welded. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. The paper deals with the considerations related to the basic properties and application of primarily aluminum alloys and composite materials for. If you have any questions or good suggestions on our products and site, or if you want to know more information about our products, please write them and send to us, we will contact you within one business day. A superhigh strength cast and wrought aluminum alloy with specific strengths exceeding that of a ti5al2. Main mechanical properties of aluminium alloys download table. Aluminum is one of the most versatile materials, because depending on the alloy, the material can assume quite different properties.
Mechanical properties data for selected aluminum alloys limited mechanical properties data for several selected aluminum alloys are compiled in this appendix. Aluminum is a very light metal with a specific weight of 2. Reviews on the influences of alloying elements on the. The failure characteristics, stressstrain hysteresis curves and its corresponding skeleton curves, stress cycle characteristics, and hysteretic energy of specimens were analyzed in detail. The data are presented in a consistent format, conveniently arranged by alloy and temper. This coating is also promising from the standpoint of the possibility of achieving high hardness, strength, and simultaneously good protectiveanddecorative surface properties. Alloy systems are classified by a number system or by names indicating their main alloying constituents din and iso. Aluminum alloys are usually used to enhance aluminums properties for specific engineering structures and components where light weight or corrosion resistance are important. This standardization handbook was developed by the department of defense in accordance. Mechanical properties data for selected aluminum alloys. Structure and properties of aluminum alloys modified with silicon carbide by laser surface treatment. Aluminum and aluminum alloys have seen widespread use in almost all industrial applications over the past 100 years, with its usage second only to that of steel.
Milhdbk694amr aluminum and aluminum alloys 15 december 1966 1. Also available, the properties of aluminum alloys cdrom for microsoft access 97. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. Aluminium is the worlds most abundant metal and is the third most common element, comprising 8% of the earths crust. When it comes in contact with oxygen, aluminum forms an oxide skin. Highpressure diecastings are most usually used in the ascast condition, not because of any special property of the alloys, but because the highpressure diecasting process introduces artifacts. Volume 2b covers the metallurgy, processing, fabrication, properties, and performance of aluminum alloys. These other elements include iron, silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese and zinc at levels that combined may make up as much as 15 percent of the alloy by weight. Mechanical properties of aluminum alloys tensile strength, yield strength and more. Synergistic effect of environmental media and stress on the fatigue fracture. Aluminium alloy general information introduction to.
Relatively new aluminumalloysincludedare7033,alli8090and 2090, rapidly solidi. Mechanical properties analysis of al9zn5cu4mg cast alloy by t5. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read properties of aluminum alloys. Magnesium is one of the most effective and widely used alloying elements for aluminum, and is the principal element in the 5000 series alloys. Download table main mechanical properties of aluminium alloys from publication. The wrought category includes rolling, extruding, drawing, forging, and a number of other more specialized processes. The alloy is made by mixing together the elements when aluminum is molten liquid, which cools to form a homogeneous solid solution. Properties and selection of aluminum alloys handbooks. Aluminium alloys with a wide range of properties are used in engineering structures. Although aluminium compounds have been used for thousands of years, aluminium metal was first produced around 170 years ago. These same properties can be precisely engineered to fit a wide range of demands, by using different. Altenpohl, aluminum, technology, applications, and environment, the aluminum.
In the t6 condition fracture toughness can be inferior to other alloys. Structure and properties of aluminum alloys modified with silicon. Selecting the right alloy for a given application entails considerations of its tensile strength, density, ductility, formability, workability, weldability, and corrosion. Data are provided for mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. The corrosion properties of aluminum and its alloys. Aluminum retains its toughness at very low temperatures, without becoming brittle like carbon steels. Estimation of ultimate strength in single shear bolted connections with. The thermal conductivity of aluminum alloys, about 50 to 60% that of copper, is advantageous in heat. Aluminium is a well established modern lightweight engineering and functional material with a unique combination of specific properties like strengh, formability, durability, conductivity, corrosion resistance, etc. Theyre also the easiest to form and weld, so theyre often made into storage tanks, architectural trim, awnings, and fan blades.
This cuts the costs of manufacturing with aluminum. The articles in the first section of the volume provide details on the selection of aluminum alloys to meet specific design and performance criteria. Jolly, in comprehensive structural integrity, 2003. Numerical designations are assigned in accordance with the recommendationinternational designation system for wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys, which is printed on pages 28 through 30.
A guide to aluminum casting alloys the specification of an aluminum. Aluminum alloys article about aluminum alloys by the. These characteristics make aluminum alloys and composites very attractive and competitive structural. Higher strength at elevated temperatures than that of 2618. The versatility of aluminium makes it the most widely used metal after steel. Physical properties, characteristics and alloys 60 pages, 44 figures basic level prepared by ron cobden, alcan, banbury objectives.
Aluminium specifications, properties, classifications. Additions may be made in accordance with the rules outlined in the declaration of accord printed on page 31, and alloys will be deleted when no longer in commercial use see table of inactive alloys printed on pages 2223. Buy both the properties of aluminum alloys book and the singleworkstation cdrom and save. We construct alloys that are useful in millions of applications, from aircraft to household appliances. Typical mechanical properties of wrought aluminum alloys at various temperatures age lines were constructed to represent the typical behavior. This also reduces noise and improves comfort levels. Around 1907 aluminumcopper alloys were developed in the usa casting alloys with 8 percent cu and. Typical mechanical properties of wrought and cast aluminum alloys at various temperaturestensile properties at. It is present in many intelligent solutions in established markets like building, transport, packaging, printing, and many others, in our fast moving. Aluminum alloys and their properties aluminium foil. Some aluminum alloys can match or even exceed the strength of common construction steel. If corrosion is a concern, these alloys should be anodized, primed, painted or protected with some type of chemical film. Fatigue data and the effects of temperature, product form, and processing ebook written by john gilbert kaufman. Added elements include iron, copper, magnesium, silicon, and.
Aluminum and aluminum alloys introduction and overview general characteristics. Mechanical properties of aluminum alloys under lowcycle. Typical mechanical properties of wrought aluminum alloys. However, titanium alloys and composite materials have been a real competition for al alloys 1, which led aluminum manufacturers to pay a renewed attention in a.
Aluminum alloys containing small amounts of cerium have been investigated to improve the grain refining, casting characteristics, and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. Furthermore, the finite element model of aluminum alloy specimens. The most common elements used in aluminum alloys are magnesium, silicon, manganese, zinc and copper. Aluminum alloy castings may be used in a number of heattreated conditions. This article is a compilation of property data for standard grades of cast aluminum alloys. The book first covers the traits of pure and commercial aluminum, which include the composition, physical and thermal properties, and radiation. Introduction to aluminum and aluminum alloys properties and. Again, its use in vehicles reduces deadweight and energy consumption while increasing load capacity. International alloy designations and chemical composition. The specifications, properties, classifications and class details are provided for aluminium and aluminium alloys.
Types and applications of aluminum alloys for vehicles. High strength aluminum alloys for cryogenic applications. Below are some examples of the many aluminum alloy products we offer. Wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys, which is printed on pages 28 through 30. Comprehensive information for the american aluminium industry collective effort of 53 recognized experts on aluminium and aluminium alloys joint venture by world renowned authoritiesthe aluminium association inc. With the large number of different alloying possibilities and the resulting application areas it is sometimes difficult for the experts to keep an overview especially since with the en a fourdigit number code has prevailed over the old german. An aluminum alloy is a chemical composition where other elements are added to pure aluminum in order to enhance its properties, primarily to increase its strength. The unique combinations of properties provided by aluminum and its alloys make aluminum one of the most ver satile, economical. Aluminum and aluminum alloys materials data repository home.
This book presents one of the most comprehensive collections of fatigue data yet available for aluminum alloys, tempers, and products. Aluminum alloys are divided into the wrought and cast categories according to how they are produced. Composites and alloys based on the alce system intechopen. In this paper, the mechanical properties of 36 aluminum alloy specimens subjected to repeated tensile loading were tested.